Algorithms for collection, ejection, and time-centering of particles
H.C. Kim and Y. Feng (UCB-NE)

Motivated by the work of Cartwright et al. [1], the algorithms for
collection, ejection, and loading of particles in time-centering
particle simulations are presented including the injection method
in relativistic regime. In particular, this ejection method can be
applied to the secondary emission as well as the spontaneous
emission.

The accuracy of these methods is analyzed for general fields and is
confirmed by comparing the numerically computed value with its exact
solution under the homogeneous magnetic field. It will be shown that
in some cases the accuracy of algorithms of Ref.[1] for particle
ejection and loading turns out to be higher than that indicated.

[1] K.L. Cartwright, J.P. Verboncoeur, and C.K. Birdsall, J. Comput.
Phys. 162, 483 (2000).